Notebook

Notebook, 1993-

NOTES on: Child Development

Motor Development 0-18 Months -- Ainsworth's Phases of Attachment -- The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale -- Drawing Sequence / Evolution of Spontaneous Abilities -- Erick Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Dilemma -- Selman's Role-Taking Levels -- Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development -- Language Development -- Parten's Play Stages -- Piaget's Cognitive Stages -- Piaget's - Cognitive Operations -- Contrasting Characteristics of Prenatal and Postnatal Life -- Stages of Prenatal Development

Notes from: Coon, Dennis. Introduction to Psychology, Exploration and Application. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, 1989; Zigler, Edward F. and Matia Finn-Stevensen, Yale University. Children, Development and Social Issues, D.C. Heath and Company, Lexington, MA & Toronto, 1987.

Ainsworth's Phases
of Attachment


ESTABLISHING RELATIONSHIPS - Attachment. Considered to be one of the most important of the infant's emotional experiences. The strong and enduring bond, the feeling of love, if you will, that develops between the infant and the person s/he most frequently interacts with. Acquired over a period of a few months--doesn't emerge suddenly! Ainsworth (1973) identified several phases.

First Several Weeks.. First or preattachment phase... the baby does not discriminate among people and is as likely to be delighted with or conforted by someone else as by the mother.

By 3 Months., discriminates between familiar and unfamiliar people and responds differently to them.

Beginning at About 6 to 8 Months., the infants exhibits preference for his mother and is said to have established an emotional bond with her.

Peaking at One Year., the infant will seem wary and uncomfortable in the presence of strangers, especially when in unfamiliar situations.

During the 2nd Year of Life., the strong attachment to the mother begins to wane gradually, and the baby becomes increasingly sociable and at ease with others.


Other Considerations:.
Securely attached infants are likely to be curious about the stranger in the room--explore unfamiliar circumstance.

Anxious attachments. The child tends to be distressed in an unfamiliar situation even when their mother is with them--apt to resist contact or express distress when mother returns.

Avoidant attachments. Insecurely attached infants- do not explore their surroundings as much and tend to ignore their mother even when she is present--rarely show distress when they are separated from her briefly--just not affected.




[Notes from: Coon, Dennis. Introduction to Psychology, Exploration and Application. St. Paul: West Publishing Company, 1989; Zigler, Edward F. and Matia Finn-Stevensen, Yale University. Children, Development and Social Issues, D.C. Heath and Company, Lexington, MA & Toronto, 1987.]




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